The risk of sand accumulating in the gut increases particularly in periods of drought, when the grass is short and horses graze the plants intensively, taking in soil with them. The problem is also seen more often in horses fed hay or feed scattered directly on the ground. Some horses, out of boredom or because of nutritional shortfalls, may also tend to eat sand, which increases the risk of it lingering in the digestive tract still further.
The signs of sand in the gut are non-specific and often develop gradually. They can include recurring, mild colic signs, a poorer appetite, loss of body weight, looser droppings or intermittent diarrhoea, and a drop in condition. In more advanced cases, severe colic can occur, linked to irritation or a partial blockage of the digestive tract. If sand accumulation is suspected, always consult a veterinary surgeon, who will choose the appropriate diagnostics and course of action.
From a nutritional point of view, prevention plays the most important role. The foundation is to give the horse enough forage rich in fibre, which supports healthy gut function and the natural movement of gut contents. Avoid feeding hay and concentrates directly on sandy ground. Hay feeders, mats or rubber surfaces that limit accidental intake of sand are a much better solution. Sward height on the pasture should also be looked after, and excessive grazing of sandy ground avoided.
Feed additives containing psyllium husks (Plantago psyllium), also known as psyllium, can also be helpful in prevention. In the digestive tract they form a gel structure that can help to remove lingering sand along with the gut contents. They should not, however, replace correct feeding and proper management of the horse’s environment. In addition, and this matters, their use should be matched to the individual animal and to the advice of a veterinary surgeon or nutritionist.
💡FUN FACT:
Sand accumulation in the gut develops gradually. Even small amounts of sand taken in every day can build up in the digestive tract over many weeks and increase the risk of colic. That is why prevention is much more effective than treating the consequences of accumulated sand.
To sum up, sand accumulation in the gut is a problem that, in most cases, can be prevented effectively. Proper pasture management, feeding from a clean surface and a diet rich in fibre significantly reduce the risk of sand building up in the digestive tract. Watching the horse regularly, and reacting quickly to the first worrying signs, will help you avoid more serious consequences for its health! 💖