The foundation is constant access to forage. Under stress a horse digests food more quickly, may eat less, or pick at its feed nervously. A lack of constant access to hay can deepen tension further and cause excess stomach acid, increasing the risk of ulcers. Make sure that even in transport or at a competition the horse has access to high-quality hay. Ideally in a small-mesh net, which prolongs eating time and gives a sense of security.
The next important element is support for the digestive system. Stress affects the composition of the gut microflora, which can result in diarrhoea or colic. That is why it is worth enriching the horse’s diet with feed yeast, prebiotics and probiotics, which steady the microflora and support the digestion of fibre. Unmolassed sugar beet pulp also works well, as a source of readily fermentable fibre. It is gentle on the stomach and horses eat it readily.
In stressful situations it is better to avoid stimulating the horse further with a feed rich in starch and sugars, that is one containing oats, barley or maize. It is much better to base the diet on sources of slow-release energy: grain-free feeds with a high fibre content, and vegetable oils. Linseed oil works very well. It raises the calorie content of the meal, has an anti-inflammatory effect and supports coat condition.
In the diet of a horse exposed to stress, minerals should not be forgotten either, especially magnesium, which supports the nervous system, helps the muscles to relax and eases signs of tension. In periods of heightened stress it is worth making sure magnesium is supplemented properly, and electrolytes too, particularly if the horse sweats very heavily. Calming herbs such as lemon balm, chamomile, or ready-made herbal mixes, such as our “Calm Down” Grassland. Remember, however, to avoid doping substances before competitions, for example valerian.
During a change of yard, when travelling or during rehabilitation, stability of feeding is also crucial. Sudden changes to the diet can increase stress further and disturb the digestive system. If you plan to change the feed, it is best to do it gradually, several weeks before the event you have planned.
To sum up, stress in a horse is not only a behavioural problem, but a physiological one. With suitably chosen feeding we can ease its signs, strengthen immunity and support recovery. Constant access to fibre, protection of the gut microflora, limiting readily available sugars and supplying the necessary minerals are the basic pillars of the diet of a horse in stressful moments. In short, a calm horse is a healthier horse! 💖