The foundation of stamina is the right source of energy. It is not only about how much there is, but above all about where it comes from. A diet based mainly on starch and simple sugars, that is a large amount of cereal, can cause rapid surges of energy, but equally rapid drops. In practice, that means the horse may have strength at the start of training, but tires quickly and loses fitness. A much better solution is to supply slow-release energy from fibre and fat. That energy is released gradually, so the horse can work for longer and more evenly.
Fibre plays a key role here, as the horse’s natural fuel. Good-quality hay should be the foundation of the diet, and constant access to it supports not only the digestive system but also a stable energy level. It is also worth introducing feeds rich in fibre, such as unmolassed sugar beet pulp or grass nuts, which improve stamina without the risk of too much energy.
Fat is also becoming more important in the feeding of sport horses. Vegetable oils, such as linseed oil, are an excellent source of concentrated energy that does not cause sharp changes in blood glucose. Horses fed a diet with added fat often show better stamina, tire more slowly and recover more quickly after work. What is more, fat supports muscle function and has an anti-inflammatory effect.
Protein should not be forgotten either, as it is responsible for the recovery and rebuilding of muscle. Protein shortfalls can result in a drop in form, weakness and slower recovery after training. An excess, on the other hand, does not improve stamina and can burden the body, which is why balance matters, along with a choice of good-quality protein, for example from lucerne.
A horse’s stamina is also a matter of proper hydration and electrolyte balance. During intense work the horse loses not only water in its sweat, but also valuable minerals such as sodium, potassium and chloride. A shortfall leads to faster fatigue, a drop in fitness and even muscle problems. That is why horses in hard work should receive electrolytes to replace what has been lost.
It is also worth remembering that a drop in stamina can point to health problems, a disturbed gut flora, ulcers or irregular feeding. Supporting the digestive system with additions such as feed yeast, and with a suitable feeding plan, therefore has a direct effect on the horse’s fitness during training.
To sum up, a horse’s stamina in training is the result not only of well-planned work, but above all of a properly balanced diet. The right amount of slow-release energy, the right proportions of protein and fat, replacement of electrolytes and a healthy digestive system make it possible. If you notice that your horse tires more quickly or struggles to hold its form, the feeding is the first place to look.