The shedding process is regulated mainly by day length and the temperature of the surroundings. Changes in hormone levels, above all melatonin, start the growth of the new coat and the loss of the old one. At this time the horse’s body needs large amounts of energy, protein, vitamins and minerals, because producing hair is a very demanding process metabolically. Unsuitable nutrition, shortages or disturbances of digestion can make the coat dull and uneven, and drag out the change of coat.
The foundation of proper feeding during shedding is high-quality forage. The horse should have constant access to hay, which supports the healthy work of the gut and the microflora. It is worth paying attention, however, to specific nutrients that directly affect the condition of the skin and coat. The most important of these is protein, and in particular the sulphur-containing amino acids, that is methionine and cysteine, which are essential for building keratin, the main component of hair. A shortage results in slower regrowth of the hair and a deterioration in its quality. Good sources of these amino acids are lucerne, linseed and feed yeast.
Another key element is omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, which improve the elasticity of the skin, give the coat shine and have an anti-inflammatory effect. At this time of year it is worth enriching the diet with vegetable oils, for example the most popular one, linseed oil. Rice bran is also an excellent source of fat: as well as energy it supplies vitamin E and natural antioxidants that support the condition of the skin and muscles. Enriching the diet with vegetable fats visibly improves the look of the horse’s coat within a few weeks.
Trace elements such as biotin, zinc and copper also matter: they are responsible for healthy hair growth, its pigmentation and the condition of the skin. Biotin supports the synthesis of keratin, zinc takes part in the regeneration of the skin and epidermis, and copper helps form the pigment of the hair. Completing these elements in the horse’s diet significantly speeds up regeneration of the coat and improves its appearance.
During shedding it is also worth ensuring the right level of vitamins, especially A, E and those of the B group. Vitamin A supports the renewal of skin cells, vitamin E acts as an antioxidant, protecting cells from oxidative stress, while B vitamins affect the healthy metabolism of the skin and hair. Hydration must not be forgotten either! The horse should have constant access to clean water, and if work increases or the days are warmer, it is a good idea to consider electrolytes that support fluid and electrolyte balance.
To sum up… Changing the coat is a natural but demanding process that places a burden on the horse’s body. A properly balanced diet rich in high-quality protein, healthy fats, vitamins and trace elements supports the skin, speeds up the growth of the new coat and improves its appearance. Thanks to that, your horse will get its condition and its energy for work back sooner! ⚡